The economics of early warfare over land

Centric Warfare in the Land Environment

he process of digitising and networking the modern military is as tortuous as was the case in industry a decade ago, with added complexities arising from technological needs unique to the military. As has been observed in the industry framework, digitisation and networking can produce large gains in productivity, and the same is true for military environments; but used as a force multiplier and...

The welfare economics of land use planning

This paper presents an empirical methodology for the evaluation of the beneÞts and costs of land use planning. The technique is applied in the context of the Town and Country Planning System of the UK, and examines the gross and net beneÞts of land use regulation and their distribution across income groups. The results show that the welfare and distributional impacts can be large. Proposed Runn...

Land Warfare and Complexity, Part II: An Assessment of the Applicability of Nonlinear Dynamics and Complex Systems Theory to the Study of Land Warfare (U)

The Economics of Early Retirement

The trend in most of the industrialised counties is in the direction of decreasing labour force participation of older workers. The steady withdrawal of workers from the workforce at a younger age suggests that retirement income is gradually increasing and/or that older workers are increasingly being forced out of the labour market. Regardless of whether early retirement can be traced to the la...

Selfishness, warfare, and economics; or integration, cooperation, and biology

The acceptance of Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection is not complete and it has been pointed out its limitation to explain the complex processes that constitute the transformation of species. It is necessary to discuss the explaining power of the dominant paradigm. It is common that new discoveries bring about contradictions that are intended to be overcome by adjusting results t...